Brick-machine



(No Model.) Sheets-Sheet 1.,

W. WEEBER.

BRICK MAGHINE.

No. 403,235. Patented May 14, 1889 WITNESSES:

r INVENTOR TTORNE V5 (No Model.) 8 Sheets-Sheet 2..

W. WEEBER.

BRICK MACHINE.

No. 403,235. Patented May 14, 1889.

INVENTOR u PETER; Fhutn-liihngm hnr, Wuhingion. 0.0.

(No Model.) 8 Sheets-Sheet 3.

W. WEEBER.

- BRICK MAOHINE.

No. 403,235. Patented May 14, 1889.

ATTORNE Y,

N. PETERi PhulvLithognphcr. Washington. u. c.

(No Model.) 8 Sheets-Sheet 4.

W. WEEBER.

BRIOK'MAGHINEV. No. 403,235., Patented May-14, 1889;

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8 Sheets-Sheet 5.

W. WEEBER. BRIOK MACHINE.

INVENTOR,

0; #1; A TTORNE i4. wingsv Photo-Lflhogqpher, wan-mm 0.1:

(No Model.)

WITNESSES.-

(No Model.) v 8 Sheets-Sheet 6.

W. WEEBER. BRICK MACHINE.

Patented May 14,1889.

fa Km v INVENTOR WITNESSES 8 SheetsSheet 7.

(No Model.)

WEEBER. BRICK MAOHINE.-

No. 403,235. Patented May. 14, 1889.

[NVENTOR Z 4 4% ATTORNEY,

WITNESSES.-

h Wnshinginn, Dv (I- (No Model.) 8 Sheets-Sheet 8.

W. WEEBER. BRICK MACHINE.

No. 403,235. Patentejd Ma 14, 1889.

WIT/V5553 f i f f INVENTOR a I e T /M wa i z/ fiATTOR/VEIC N. PETERS. PhnmLilhogmpher, Washiugion, D4 0 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WVILLIAM WEEBER, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

BRICK-MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 403,235, dated May 14, 1889.

Application filed Deceniberl7, 1888. SerialNo. 293,924. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that 1, WILLIAM WEEBER, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Brick-Machines, of which the following is a full and exact description, reference being had to the annexed drawings, making part hereof.

The nature of my invention will fully appear from the following specification and claims.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of my machine; Fig. 2, a plan view; Fig. 3, a longitudinal vertical sectional View on line X X of Fig. 2; Fig. 4, a vertical cross-sectional view on the line Y Y of Fig. 1; Fig. 5, a similar view on line Z Z of Fig. 1. Figs. 6 and 7 are detached views of the geared rack. Fig. 8 is a detached view of a plug to fill a water-opening; Fig. 9, a perspective view of the plunger which forces the clay into the molds; Fig. 10, an end view of the knife or cutter; Fig. 11, a perspective View of a mold for plain bricks; Fig.12,a similar view of the guide-plate for the cutter and a die for the clay; Fig. 13, a perspective View of a form of mold for making the brick shown in Fig. 17; Fig. 14,'a longitudinal sectional view of the mold used to make the form of brick shown in Fig. 18; Fig. 15, a rear elevation of the same. Figs. 16 and 17 are two forms of brick; Fig. 18, apillar-shaped brick; Fig. 19,a brokenoff elevation showing the hopper and clayrefiner; Fig. 20, a horizontal sectional view of the refiner on the line WV of Fig. 19; Fig. 21, a broken side elevation, partly in section, showing the hopper, one sand-blast box, one bellows, and one of the inclined side bars to compress the bellows to eject the sand; Fig. 22, a horizontal sectional View on the line 1 1 of Fig. 21, showing the sand-boxes on each side and the compressor mechanism; Fig. 23, a detached broken horizontal sectional view of one of the sand-blast boxes; Fig. 24, a detached broken perspective view of a form of guide or die to direct the clay into the various compartments of the mold; Fig. 25,a View on the line 2 2 of Fig. 21, (the mold-box being removed,) showing the method of coating the clay with sand on each side and on the top and bottom thereof; Fig. 26, a broken front View illustrating the form of the lower edge of the knife.

7 A is the frame of the machine; B, the pulley for drivingthe same; B the belt; B, the pulley-shaft.

C O are gear-wheels mounted 011 shaft B and engaging, respectively, with large gearwheels 0 C 011 shaft 0,.

D D are two cams provided with frictionwheels on rollers D D. These cams are outside of the frame and engage on each side thereof with pivoted knife-arms E E. By the revolution of shaft 0" cams D D, by their rollers D D, come into contact with the pivoted arms E E. The cams D D and gear- Wheels 0 C travel in the direction of the arrows. (See Fig. 1.) These bent arms are by their lower parts struck by the cams or arms D D and thrown to the right, thus depressing their upper parts, D. The slot D receives a pin from the knife-frame E. Thus, as the part- D of the knife-depressing arms descends, the pin moves in the slots D and prevents the parts from locking.

E is, the knife-blade, which, in descending, cuts off the surplus clay from in front of the mold containing the molded clay which is designed to form the brick.

F is the ordinary hopper,with its well-known central vertical shaft and blades, F, on the shaft F", for tempering clay.

F is a ribbed or slotted refiner, Fig. 19. It is in the form of an inverted cone, its sides having slotted openings. It is hung upon a loose sleeve, F, the whole being sustained by a collar, F on vertical shaft F The sleeve F envelops the latter.

G G G are beveled gear-wheels,wheel G being mounted on loose sleeve F, wheel G on shaft F and wheel G on a horizontal driving-shaft, G

G G are stirrers on shaft F The wheel G", turning in one direction, engages above with wheel G and below with wheel G, thus turning these Wheels in opposite directions. The stirrers, with shaft F, thus rotate in one direction, and sleeve F, with its refiner F, rotates in the other direction. Thus the clay is broken into fine pieces and is expelled through the openings in refiner F, dropping into the hopper F beneath. The stirrers G" are set at such an incline as, by their revolution,to drive the clay downward as well as to break it up.

1-1 (see Fig. 3) is a compressor to form the clay into the mold I. This compressor is actuated-that is, propelled backward and forward-by a rack. gear-frame, H H, the latter being sustained by guides 11 H sliding in grooves I'I H Fig. 4. Two cog-wheels, IP11, are mounted on shaft B. The cograck on part H is on the upper surface, while that on part II. is on the lower surface. (See Figs. 4, (5, and 7 This gear or cog-rack frame is in one piece, one set of cogs, H", being placed in a lower plane than the other, H. The horizontal grooves H" areof sufiicient depth to permit considerable lateral movement of the guides 11, whereby, when the frame is shifted to one side, the gear-wheel H will engage with the upper cog-rack, H, and when the frame is shifted to the other side gear-wheel H." will engage with lower cog-rack, H, thus moving the frame in opposite directions forward and backward as it is shift-ed from side to side.

The gear-wheels H" H, being mounted on the same shaft and turning in the same direction, will impart one motion to a body in contact with their upper peripheries and a reverse motion to one in contact with their lower peripheries. The racks on frame H and H are set in different planes, whereby, as the frame is shifted laterally toward gearwheel H, the compressor H is driven forward by the engagement of wheel H" with the cog-rack onthat side of the frame. The compressor is driven backward by the e11- gagement of wheel H with the lower cograck beneath it. 7

The distance between the vertical planes of the two cog-racks is less than that between the gear-wheels H" and H, whereby when the frame is shifted so that cog-rack H engages with wheel Hi the cog-rack H is out of gear with cog-wheel H The shifting of the rack-frame is accomplished in this way: As wheel H engages with the teeth of the'cog-rack to drive it for ward at the end of the traverse of the rack, it strikes a beveled tooth, H"' ,Fig. 6, in the latter, which shoves the rack-frame laterally, so as to throw the frame into contact with the lower part of cog-wheel H As explained above, this wheel drives the rack-frame back ward until cog-wheel H" strikes the beveled tooth H (See Fig. 6.) Beveled teeth 11" are set onopposite sides at opposite ends of the racks to shift the frame back and forth. When it strikes this tooth, it forces the frame to the other side to be again propelled forward toactuate the compressor H. v

I is the mold for the clay, divided intocompartments I" I. These compartments are shaped to conform to the design of brick to be produced, and each compartment is asepa rate mold. One compartment may be of one form and its neighbor of another. The clay as it is forced into them by the compressor assumes the shape of the inner faces of the mold. The mold shown in Fig. 11 is designed to form a plain brick, such as shown in Fig. 16. The mold shown in Fig. 13 is designed to form a brick with two recessed edges, such as are shown in Fig. 17.

J (see Figs. 12 and 19) is a guide for the clescending knife. It is set opposite to the front of the mold and provided with openings to correspond with the divisions of the latter. A space, however, is left between it and the mold-face to permit the descent of the knife E. This guide serves also as a die to compress the clay, so that it will enter the mold.

J is a water-conductor tube provided with an opening, J. It is set and slides in a packed opening in water reservoir or box J. The outer end of this pipe is provided with a lateral horizontal drum, J which,in its turn, is provided with perforated branch pipe J J J (See Figs. 1, 2, and 3.) The branch pipes J are secured to the compressor-frame, and as compressor H traverses forward the pipe J is forced into the water-box J until the opening J" is within the box, whereupon the water will enter tube J and its connections J and J", and will be sprayed through the perforations. in the latter into the chamber K, which has been cleared of its clay by the traverse of compressor H. The perforated pipes J follow the compressor and saturate the walls of the partitions K K in chamber K behind it at about the time the compressor has fulfilled its office of forming the clay by forcing it into the mold.

J is a water-pipe provided with theordinary stop-cock to supply tank or box J with water. e

F", Fig. 3, is a water-pipe nozzle designed to inject water into the hopper F to soften the clay which is being tempered. U

L L are two cams set on shaft 0. They are designed to operate mechanism to withdraw the mold-box from the machineafter the clay has been shaped and the knife has performedits office. They are provided with friction-rollers L L. (See Figs. 3, e, and 5 The shaft 0 (see Fig. 3) revolves in the direction indicated by the arrows, whereby cams L strike lugs L, which areattaehed to block L the latter sliding in guides L A rope, M, is attached to block L" This rope passes around pulleys N N. The mold-box I sets in a bearing receptacle or recess,N. A T-shap'ed slide, 0, (see Fig. 5,) sets in a re cess in the bottom of the mold-box I, at the rear part of the latter, so that as this slide is thrown sidewise it pushes the mold-box out of recess N,and as it is drawn back it clears itself of the mold and leaves the latter free for rcmoval. The rope M is attached to slide 0, whereby when thecams L strike lugs L which takes place immediately after compressor II has retreated from the face of the mold, the lugs L are thrown. back and rope as it enters the mold.

M pulls the slide 0 sidewise, thus releasing the mold from its recess to be removed by the operative. A cord, 0, and weight 0 draw slide 0 back into place as soon as the cams L release lugs L. A fresh mold is then inserted in the receptacle N. There is a slight space between guide J and the face of the mold to permit the descent of the knife.

To facilitate the removal of the clay from the molds, I give the clay a coating of fine sand, which is injected in a blast from several tubes into the space as the clay is passing through the openings in the guide J into the mold-spaces.

P P, Figs. 19, 21, 22, and 25, are sand-boxes located 011 each side of the hopper. The sand is in the compartments P P.

P is an air-chamber.

Q Q Q Q are sand-blast tubes, each leading from a compartment P to the front of the various openings of the die J, so that one of the blasts strikes the clay moving through the opening nearest to the mouth of the pipe, from which it is projected on the lower corner, spreading the sand on the bottom of the clay and on one side thereof, while another and upper pipe throws the sand against the top and on the other side of the clay. Thus each separate body of clay is completely coated on every side with a thin layer of sand (See arrows in Fig. 25.)

Q Q Q Q are sand-blast pipes to coat the lower surfaces and the sides of the clay, as above described, and Q Q Q Q throw the sand against the upper surfaces and the other sides of the clay.

In Fig. 27 the knife-blade E is shown to be provided below with serrations at intervals. These latter are intended to allow the mud and water to escape when the blade is down, which drop through an opening in the bottom of the machine beneath the space before the die J. As the clay comes down from the hopper, it drops into a chamber, K, which is provided with partitions K K. (See Fig. 22.) The compressor is provided with vertical slots, (see Figs. 9 and 4,) which enable it to set snugly and well down into the com partment in chamber K and to traverse them. As the compressor moves forward to drive the clay into the mold, it performs the office of operating the sand-blast. Beneath each opening P in the sand-boxes is a bellows, P, (see Fig. 2 which are secured to the'sand-boXes. Upon each side of the machine is secured an inclined arm, T, which are secured through slots A A by arms T T (see Figs. 21 and 22) to actuating-frame H 1-1. As this frame moves forward, the arms T T compress bellows P and inject air-blasts into each of the boxes, driving the sand from the boxes through the pipes Q Q onto the clay as it comes through the die J, as above described. As the frame H H" recedes, it relieves the pressure upon the bellows by with-' drawing arms T T. The openings in die J (see Figs. 22 and 24) are tapered toward the moldface, so as to compress the clay to a smaller compass than the size of the openings in the face of the mold, thus insuring its proper entry into the latter. The clay will possess suflicient stiffness as it leaves the die-face to cross the open space between the latter and the mold-face without sagging. The mold is removed through a side opening in the easing I. A wedge, V", is set in an opening in the upper casing of the machine. The opening filled by this Wedge is of a length equal to the width of the mass of clay under treatment immediately before it enters the die. Vater is poured through this opening to lubricate the mass of clay beneath.

The operation of the machine is as follows: Clay is placed in the refiner F. (See Figs. 2 and 19.) Poweris then applied to shaft G either horse, steam, or manual power. The clay is thus broken up and subdivided by the action of arms G and falls out of the openings in the side of the refiner into the bell' mouthed hopper F. Water is turned on through pipe F" into the hopper F. Thence the clay is driven downward by the action of spirally-arranged inclined arms F, which are sharp on their, incisive edges, into the subdivided chamber K. Shaft B is then revolved, and the compressor H moves forward, carrying water-spraying pipes J with it and spraying the empty spaces in the subdivided chamber K behind the compressor as the latter progresses. The clay is, by the forward movement of the compressor, sent through the die J, and is coated by the sand-blast and enters the mold, wherein, by the action of the compressor, it is forced into all the recesses of the mold. Meanwhile the upper face, H, (see Fig. 9) of the compressor will close the lower exit-opening of the hopper F and prevent clay from entering chamber K behind the front or compressing face of the compressor. The cog-wheels O C will then have so far revolved as to bring arms D D into contact with the knife-operating camsE E. The knife will then descend and cut off the clay in front of the die J. The mold is then removed and a fresh one inserted. The continued action of the shafting will then withdraw the compressor, check the sand-blast, and renew the action of the machine, for im mediately upon the withdrawal of the compressor a new supply of clay will descend from the hopper into the chamber K. These molds in practice are constructed so as to slightly enlarge from the inner to their outer edges, so that the clay will readily drop out. They are also dampened and coated in sand before inserting them in the machine. The clay is subsequently squared truly by the ordinary well-known brick-press. The weight of cams E E raises the knife after the latter has performed its function. ors to drive the clay down into the machine. The compressor is attached to the rack H H by a stiff link-connection, H (See Fig. 22.)

hat I claim is-= Arms F act as depress- 1. The combination of compressor H, adapted to traverse a chamber, K, beneath a hopper, F, to drive clay in said chamber into a mold, water-tank J, shifting water-pipe J, provided with opening J" and attached to pipe J", which is perforated near its end and attached to said compressor, whereby as the latter is moved forward the said pipe is drawn with it until pipe J moves forward suffieiently to bring opening J" within said water-tank, whereby water will flow from said tank through pipes J and J and find exit through the perforations in the latter to spray the walls of said chamber K behind said compressor, substantially as described.

2. The combination of shaft C, actuatingwheel C, said shaft being provided with an arm, L, lug L, attached to block L', sliding in guide L cord M, attached to said block, pulleys N N, slide 0, engaging with the moldbox and moving in a guide, and to which slide one end of said rope is attached, cord O, at t-ached to slide 0, and weight 0, attached to said cord 0, whereby when the arm L strikes lug L the block L is shifted to draw cord M and slide 0, and the mold is removed from its casing and is returned to place by the weight 0 and cord 0, substantially as described.

A compressor, ll, adapted to traverse a chamber, K, rack-frame ll ll", attached to the rear of said compressor, provided with end-beveled teeth H, and arms 11 H,

I ing substantially as sliding freely in side slots in the frame of the machine, cog-wheel H, adapted to engage with the lower rack of the said frame, and a cog-wheel, 11, adapted to engage on the other side with the upper rack of said frame, both of said wheels being mounted on a shaft, B, whereby when cog-wheel H" drives said rack forward it finally strikes the beveled tooth on the rear of the upper rack and shifts the latter sidewise, throwing its rack out of gear with it and the lower rack into gear below with cog-wheel ll, whereby the rack is moved backward until wheel ll" strikes the beveled cog on the lower rack, when the operation is reversed, thus giving a reciprocating motion to the compressor, substantially as described.

4. The combination of compressor II, slanted arms T, secured thereto, bellows 1P, sandboxes P P, each provided with an air-chamber, P connected with said bellows by openings P", exit sand-pipes Q, and die J, part of said pipes being arranged, substantially as shown, to direct the sand-blast in front of said die to strike the clay coming through it above and the others being arranged to strike the clay from below, whereby all the sides of the clay will be coated, all arranged and operatdescribed. \VILLIAM \VEEBER. \Yitnesses:

GEORGE E. BUoKLnY, H. V. BUoKLnY. 

